In this scenario, learners are to assess the patient’s needs from a holistic perspective and apply a palliative approach to care. Learners are to respond with effective nursing interventions that may include physical (i.e. positioning, need for supplemental oxygen, mouth care, medications), emotional/affective (i.e. acknowledging grief and loss, responding to anger, appropriate use of humour), mental/cognitive social, spiritual/religious, cultural aspects of care for the client and family.